Central Asia’s combined GDP nearly doubles to $543 billion in five years

Central Asia’s total GDP almost doubled over five years, reaching $543 billion.

The analysis was prepared by Ruslan Abaturov, an expert at the Center for Economic Research and Reforms, based on World Bank data.

Kyrgyzstan recorded the region’s fastest average annual real GDP growth from 2021 to 2025 at 9.2%, followed by Tajikistan at 8.5%, Uzbekistan at 7%, Turkmenistan at 6.3% and Kazakhstan at 4.8%.

Kazakhstan stayed the biggest economy in Central Asia, but its share of the region’s combined GDP slipped from 60% to 56% over the five-year span. Uzbekistan’s share rose from 24.6% to 27.1%, Kyrgyzstan’s from 2.9% to 4.2%, and Tajikistan’s from 2.9% to 3.3%. Turkmenistan’s share fell from 9.6% to 9.2%.

Kazakhstan’s GDP climbed from $171 billion in 2021 to $306 billion in 2025. Its average annual real growth rate of 4.8% was the lowest among the five Central Asian economies, which helped reduce its share of regional GDP.

In Kazakhstan, agriculture’s share of the economy dropped from 5.4% to 3.7%, while industry and construction declined from 33.1% to 32.3%. The services sector grew from 56.1% to 57.7%.

Average annual real growth in value added was 3.5% in agriculture, 5.5% in industry and construction, and 4.4% in services.

Kyrgyzstan’s GDP increased from $8.3 billion to $22.6 billion, with average annual real growth reaching 9.2% — the highest in the region.

Growth accelerated after 2021. Real GDP growth was close to 9% a year in 2022–2023 and topped 11% in both 2024 and 2025.

Agriculture’s share of GDP fell from 12.2% to 8%, while industry and construction edged down from 26.9% to 26.5%. The services sector increased its share from 50.7% to 51.2%.

Average annual real growth in value added was 2.3% in agriculture, 10.5% in industry and construction, and 8.5% in services.

Tajikistan’s economy grew from $8.1 billion in 2021 to $17.7 billion in 2025, with average annual real growth of 8.5%.